Before inserting the sperm, it is washed as well as concentrated to ensure that only the healthy sperm are inserted for a successful conception. The main goal of this IUI procedure is to reduce the travelling time of sperm to reach and fertilize the eggs. If your partner has abnormal sperm morphology then the doctor can also use donor sperm to ensure a healthy pregnancy.
Couples may choose to utilize IUI due to various infertility issues. Using donor sperm can be considered as the key factor when this treatment method is considered to attain pregnancy. Other than this, there can also be specific health conditions when you decide to undergo IUI.
Unexplained Infertility
IUI is the first choice while treating unexplained infertility, where certain medications to stimulate the ovaries to produce eggs can also be provided.
Cervical Factor Infertility
Structural abnormalities in the cervix and issues with cervical mucus can create a barrier for the sperm to travel to the ovary. This is why IUI is used to solve the barriers created by cervical factor infertility.
Male Factor Infertility
Low sperm count, ejaculation issues, oddly shaped sperm, small or weak sperm, and erectile dysfunction are some of the male infertility factors when IUI treatment is usually considered.
Endometriosis
Endometriosis is a condition where tissues similar to the uterine lining grow outside the uterus. This disorder can lead to infertility and in such cases, IUI can be used to achieve pregnancy.
Ovulation
The time of ovulation is first determined by the doctor, where transvaginal ultrasound can also be performed to check the maturation of the eggs. In some cases, fertility medications are also prescribed and after 24 hours of the fertility injection, the insemination process is performed.
Preparation of the Semen Sample
On the day of the IUI process, your partner will be informed to collect a semen sample. The thawed donor sperm sample is also used for the process. A technique called sperm washing is used to prepare the sperm for insemination.
Insemination
The insemination process usually gets completed within a few minutes. In this procedure, you will be directed to lie down on the table where a speculum is inserted through the vagina. Then a catheter is inserted into the uterus and the washed sperm is injected through it. To increase the implantation rates, the doctor can prescribe you progesterone after IUI.
The doctor will recommend you and your partner undergo certain fertility tests and medical exams before the IUI treatment. Some of the essential tests that need to be done are:
Semen Analysis
This test helps in determining the sperm count and morphology, which are the main factors for IUI success.
Blood Tests
The important blood tests that are important before IUI are syphilis, HIV, hepatitis B and C, and HTLV. FSH Testing can also be done to check your ovarian function and egg supply.
Uterine Exam
This test helps in checking the position, shape, and size of the reproductive organs. The doctor can also conduct a uterine ultrasound to see the organs.
STD Screening
This screening method is recommended to check for any infectious or sexually transmitted diseases.
IUI is generally a safe and simple procedure and this is why the risk of developing serious complications is also low. However, some of the side-effects and risk that you may experience during the procedure include:
Multiple pregnancy
The chances of giving birth to twins or triplets are comparatively higher with IUI due to the usage of fertility medications.
Infection
You may have a slight risk of experiencing infection after the insemination.
Spotting
The insertion of the catheter through the vagina can lead to experience slight spotting or vaginal bleeding.
